中药穴位敷贴联合中药汤剂治疗糖尿病周围神经病变临床观察

目的探究糖尿病周围神经病变患者开展中药穴位敷贴联合中药汤剂治疗的效果。方法研究时限为2017年8月—2018年11月,研究对象为此期间收治的糖尿病周围神经病变患者42例,将其随机分为常规组(21例)、中药组(21例),分别开展常规治疗、中药穴位敷贴+中药汤剂治疗,比较治疗结果。结果2组患者治疗前中医证候积分、TCSS(多伦多临床评分)相近(P>0.05),治疗后中药组患者以上评分均较常规组具鲜明优势(P<0.05);常规组患者不良反应发生率为14.3%,与中药组0.0%相比,未见鲜明差异(P>0.05)。结论予糖尿病周围神经病变患者开展中药穴位敷贴联合中药汤剂治疗,效果安全有效。     

冠心病主动康复的今天和明天

2020年，欧洲预防心脏病学协会明确提出了以运动康复为主的心脏康复在心血管疾病和代谢疾病管理中的重要作用，并呼吁大家行动起来。本文从冠心病运动康复基础和临床研究进展、运动康复减少冠心病并发症、各国运动康复指南和新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下运动康复的实施4个维度探讨冠心病个体化主动运动康复的现状和将来，以期为研究和临床工作的开展提供参考。     

急诊治疗重症心力衰竭的方案及疗效探析

目的探讨急诊治疗重症心力衰竭的方案及疗效。方法选择本院80例2016年2月-2019年2月重症心力衰竭患者。随机分组,常规治疗组采取常规方法治疗,急诊治疗组则采取全面急诊治疗。比较两组重症心力衰竭疗效;重症心力衰竭症状改善的时间、心功能改善两级的时间;治疗前后患者舒张压、平均心率以及左心射血分数;不良反应。结果急诊治疗组重症心力衰竭疗效、重症心力衰竭症状改善的时间、心功能改善两级的时间、舒张压、平均心率以及左心射血分数相比较常规治疗组更好,P<0.05。两组未见严重不良反应,P>0.05。结论全面急诊治疗重症心力衰竭可获得较好预后,可有效改善患者的心功能,缓解症状,且安全性高,无明显不良反应。     

Motion‐compensated b‐tensor encoding for in vivo cardiac diffusion‐weighted imaging

Motion is a major confound in diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in the body, and it is a common cause of image artefacts. The effects are particularly severe in cardiac applications, due to the nonrigid cyclical deformation of the myocardium. Spin echo‐based DWI commonly employs gradient moment‐nulling techniques to desensitise the acquisition to velocity and acceleration, ie, nulling gradient moments up to the 2nd order (M2‐nulled). However, current M2‐nulled DWI scans are limited to encode diffusion along a single direction at a time. We propose a method for designing b‐tensors of arbitrary shapes, including planar, spherical, prolate and oblate tensors, while nulling gradient moments up to the 2nd order and beyond. The design strategy comprises initialising the diffusion encoding gradients in two encoding blocks about the refocusing pulse, followed by appropriate scaling and rotation, which further enables nulling undesired effects of concomitant gradients. Proof‐of‐concept assessment of in vivo mean diffusivity (MD) was performed using linear and spherical tensor encoding (LTE and STE, respectively) in the hearts of five healthy volunteers. The results of the M2‐nulled STE showed that (a) the sequence was robust to cardiac motion, and (b) MD was higher than that acquired using standard M2‐nulled LTE, where diffusion‐weighting was applied in three orthogonal directions, which may be attributed to the presence of restricted diffusion and microscopic diffusion anisotropy. Provided adequate signal‐to‐noise ratio, STE could significantly shorten estimation of MD compared with the conventional LTE approach. Importantly, our theoretical analysis and the proposed gradient waveform design may be useful in microstructure imaging beyond diffusion tensor imaging where the effects of motion must be suppressed.     

Virtual Crossmatching in Kidney Transplantation: The Wait Is Over

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二仙汤对去卵巢大鼠心肌微血管及血液流变学的影响

目的:观察去卵巢大鼠心肌微血管密度、微血管内皮细胞形态及血液流变学的变化并探讨二仙汤的干预作用。方法:选用健康10周龄雌性SPF级SD大鼠32只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、雌激素组(戊酸雌二醇,0.18 mg·kg~(-1)),二仙汤组(9 g·kg~(-1))。去卵巢后2周开始灌胃给药,1次/d,连续16周。二仙汤组及雌激素组分别给予二仙汤或戊酸雌二醇灌胃,假手术组和模型组灌胃等体积纯净水。给药16周末,无创超声心动图(UCG)检测心功能;CD34免疫荧光染色法检测心肌微血管密度;透射电镜观测心肌微血管超微结构;放射免疫分析法检测血浆雌二醇(E_2)含量;酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血浆内皮素-1(ET-1),前列环素I_2(PGI_2),血栓素A_2(TXA_2),血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和血管性血友病因子(vWF)水平;凝固法检测凝血四项;血液流变学检测全血黏度和血浆黏度。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组左室射血分数(EF)显著降低(P0.01),左室短轴缩短率(FS)显著降低(P0.01),左室收缩末期容积(LVVols)显著升高(P0.01);心肌微血管密度显著减少(P0.01);心肌微血管内皮细胞肿胀明显,胞浆空化;血浆E_2含量显著降低(P0.01);ET-1,VEGF,vWF含量显著升高(P0.01),前列环素I_2/血栓素A_2(PGI_2/TXA_2)显著降低(P0.01);血浆活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)显著降低(P0.01),纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量显著升高(P0.01);全血黏度、血浆黏度、卡松黏度显著升高(P0.01),全血高、低切指数和红细胞聚集指数明显升高(P0.05)。与模型组比较,二仙汤组大鼠EF,FS明显升高(P0.05),LVVols明显降低(P0.05);微血管密度显著增多(P0.01);心肌微血管内皮细胞水肿改善,运输小泡清晰可见;血浆E_2显著升高(P0.01);ET-1,VEGF显著降低(P0.01),PGI_2/TXA_2显著升高(P0.01);APTT显著升高(P0.01);全血黏度、全血高切相对指数、红细胞聚集指数明显降低(P0.05),卡松黏度、血浆黏度显著降低(P0.01)。结论:二仙汤增加去卵巢大鼠心肌微血管密度、保护微血管内皮细胞结构的完整性,改善其内皮分泌功能和血液流变学,保护心功能。